Ancient Haris is a settlement mentioned in the Peutinger Map, an important road map dating to the Roman Imperial period. It is tentatively identified with the modern villages of Yurtbaşı/Melik Şerif or Cengerli within the Refahiye district of Erzincan province today. This uncertainty indicates...

Located in the heart of Central Anatolia, on the ancient Halys River (modern Kızılırmak), this ancient settlement held great importance throughout history due to the region's strategic geography. The water resources and transportation opportunities provided by the river made settlements around...

The Munzur Mountains are a monumental mountain range located in the Eastern Anatolia Region, which has profoundly influenced the geographical and cultural structure of the region since antiquity. Rather than being an ancient city, it offered a strategic location, a natural refuge, and a habitat...

Alişar Höyük is an important archaeological center located in Central Anatolia, within the provincial borders of Yozgat, where continuous settlement has been observed from the Chalcolithic Age to the Ottoman period. It particularly stands out for its role during the Hittite Empire period and...

Ulnia is an important settlement located in the ancient region of Commagene, bearing witness to Anatolia's rich history. As part of the Kingdom of Commagene, known for its strategic location between East and West, it was integrated into the socio-economic and cultural fabric of the region during...

Ariaramneia/Rodandos is an ancient settlement located in the historical region of Cilicia, forming an important part of Anatolia's historical landscape. The city, believed to have been founded particularly during the Achaemenid Empire, continued its existence through the subsequent Hellenistic...

Aspenzinsos is a settlement in the ancient region of Cilicia, an important part of Anatolia's historical landscape. It was located in the interior of Cilicia, a region notable for its position on strategic trade routes, near the foothills of the Taurus Mountains. This ancient city sheds light on...

Col. Faustinopolis/Halala, located in the ancient region of Cilicia, emerged as an important settlement during the Roman Empire. Its status as a "Colonia" reflected the city's special position under Roman administration and the strategic value of the region for Roman policies. Its location on key...

Cybistra, one of the strategically important settlements of ancient Anatolia, was situated on the border between Cappadocia and Cilicia, near the significant passes of the Taurus Mountains. Functioning as a crossroads on trade routes, the city remained a focal point for regional powers and...

Podandus, an ancient settlement strategically located in the ancient region of Cilicia, at the foothills of the Taurus Mountains, lay on important trade and military routes. Particularly notable for its proximity to the Cilician Gates (Gülek Pass), the city played a pivotal role in the region's...

Sekalesi is an ancient settlement located in the ancient region of Cilicia, within the borders of modern-day Karaman Province, Turkey. With its strategic location, it bore witness to Cilicia's history, shaped by its trade routes and mountainous geography. The widespread piracy activities in the...

Sidamaria is a settlement located in the ancient region of Cilicia, in southern Anatolia, known for its strategic position. Although its name in historical records remains uncertain, it is believed to have been a minor center influenced by various civilizations across different periods, given the...

Thebasa? is a potential settlement thought to have been located in the ancient region of Cilicia, situated on Anatolia's strategic trade routes. While its proximity to the Cilician Gates and its mountainous terrain are notable, uncertainties persist regarding the definitive identity and...

Located in a strategic position in southern ancient Cappadocia, Tyana boasts a rich history spanning from the Hittites to the Roman Empire. The city's importance grew particularly in the 3rd century CE when it gained the status of a Roman colony (Colonia Aurelia Antoniniana), and it is known for...

Baka is a small settlement located within the territory of the ancient Kingdom of Commagene, within the borders of modern-day Turkey. It existed within the general historical and cultural framework of Commagene, which was strategically positioned at a crossroads between Eastern and Western...

Aşıklı Höyük is an important Neolithic settlement in Central Anatolia, inhabited from approximately the late 9th millennium BCE to the mid-8th millennium BCE. Representing humanity's transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled life and agriculture, this mound is one of the best...

Ellibir, an ancient settlement located in the ancient geography of Anatolia, is situated near the Gürün district of Sivas province, at coordinates 38.722928 latitude and 37.25749 longitude. In this region, which bears the traces of many civilizations throughout history, it is thought that Ellibir...

Kaneš, located near modern Kültepe, is one of Central Anatolia's most important ancient settlements, with continuous habitation from the Chalcolithic Period to the Roman Empire. It particularly stood out as Anatolia's largest trade center (kârum) during the Old Assyrian Trade Colonies Period...