Located on the Aegean coast of Western Anatolia, within the borders of modern Turkey, this ancient settlement presents uncertainties regarding the definitive identification of its name. Believed to possess a rich history and cultural heritage, like many Hellenistic cities in the region, this city...

Halisarna is an ancient Anatolian settlement located within the borders of modern-day Turkey, near the province of Manisa. While it maintained its existence within the general historical flow of the region, detailed information about it is limited. It is part of Anatolia's rich cultural...

Tisna/Titne is an ancient settlement located in western Anatolia, within the borders of modern-day Turkey. Although often overshadowed by larger and more renowned centers in historical geography, it maintained a distinct presence on a regional scale and contributed to Anatolia's rich cultural...

Temnos, located in the Aiolis region of Western Anatolia in a strategic position overlooking the Gediz River (Hermos) valley, was one of the significant members of the Aeolian League in antiquity. Dating back to the 11th century BCE, the city maintained its existence throughout the Hellenistic...

Perperene/Theodosiopolis is an important ancient settlement located in the fertile Kaikos (Bakırçay) valley, near the modern district of Bergama in İzmir province, within the ancient region of Mysia. Originally associated with pre-Hellenistic Anatolian culture under the name Perperene, the city...